Stove for continuous fire.



Patented '001. 2, |900.v

I N. A. L. J. JDHANNSEN.

STOVEFUR CONTINUOUS FIRE.

(Application led Aug. 3, 1899.)'

(N0 Model.) I

nu: Norms PETERS co. wo'murno.. WASHINGTON, n. c

UNITED lSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

NIoHoLs'sIt-ejr.. J. JOHANNSEN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

sTOvEFOR CONTINUOUS FIRE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 659.030, dated October 2, 1900.

Application fled. August 3, 1899.

many, and a resident ofv New York, (Brooklyn,) in the county of Kings and State'of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stoves for Continuous Fire, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to stoves or ranges arranged for keeping up fire continuouslydayand night, so as to burn all winter or longer, if desired. In order to accomplish this result, I have constructed a stove in which the clinkers can be removed easily and quickly without disturbing the fire.

Theinvention further embodies an arrangement which at will reduces the combustion of the fuel, by means of which arrangement lire is kept alive for many hours without attention or feeding.

parts, which assist in. obtaining thedesired results. v Y

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l represents a longitudinal. section through the stove on line l l of Fig. 2. Fig'. 2 is a cross-section of the stove, looking toward the rear portion of the same.

.Similar letters of reference denote like parts in both figures.

The essential parts of the stove consist of two grates, forming part of the fire-pot, one being the bottom grate e e', the other a peculiarly-shaped frontgrateb,curved inwardly, as shown in thedrawingsin Fig. Land mounted so thatits lower part stands in Oblique di-4 rection to the front portion of the grate e e', forming thereby with same an open space c, through which during the operation o f the stove the clinkers are drawn from the fire; a bridge or guard f, facing that opening c; a dust-flue (ash-flue) with damper; an extended ash-pit; a front door for the ash-pit; a door with window facing the grate h, and the usual walls to complete the stove.

In order to keep up a continuous lire in the stove, it is essential that the clinkers can be drawn effectively from the tire pot, and I will describe now how this is done, describ- Serial No. 725,947. (No modeld ing at the same time the elements of the stove which serve for this purpose. A

In order to draw the clinkers from the firepot, the operator will open the front door d, which is located below the bridge f, the latter facing the opening c and extending down.- ward considerably below the level ofthe bottom grate e e'. A poker is introduced below that bridge, and the clinkers located directly in the opening c between the grates e and b are removed rst. The grate e does not extend to the bridge f, but ends at a considerable distance from same, as is shown in Fig. l, thereby forming a space between e andf, through which the clinkersA descend down into the ash-pit. Above the bridge there is located a door h 72, which is provided with a window g, of isinglass. This Window g will enable the operator to distinguish whether @the poker is working on the clnkers, which The invention further consists in the combination and arrangement of various minor are dark, or on glowing coal. As a rule he cannotsee theindividualclinkers; but he will know that such are there so long as everything is dark behind the window, and he will keep on poking on the dark regions until live fire is observed and until the Whole of the front grate b shows a bright (ire.

By the operation described only clinkers in and near the opening c are removed. Other clinkers, such as are forming all over the grate, are disposed of by gradually drawing them forward to the outlet c in the process of raking, for which purpose the strokes of the poker must always be made in the direction from a to o.

Whenever dust-lines are used at present, it is for the purpose of carrying off the ashclouds while raking,preventing thereby those ash-clouds from entering the room. I employ a dustflue with damper principally as a draftdeviating device when the fire is intended to be kept low, and its combination with the opening o forms a feature of my invention.

` .In Order to keep the fire low-say over nightthe air-deviating device ni is opened by means of the handle m and the register r, Fig. 2, is closed. Then t-he bulk of the small quantity of air still entering' the ash -pt through the crevices at o" will pass through the air-deviating device'n 1l into the chimney without passing through the fire. There is enough air working its way up from the ashpit into the tire to keep the latter just alive. rlhis supply of air to the fire is pretty uniform and but. little affected by the variations of the chimney-draft. \Vithout that air-deviating device the tire would burn outwithin a few hours` on a windy night, even though the register r be closed. The device will not only render the fire independent of the weather, but will reduce the amount of fuel consumed over night toaminimum. This arrangementis preferable to the special methodsl now employed for reducing the draftas, for instance, by means of upper rentholes, (indicated by the letter 0 in Fig. 2.) These vent-holes allow the draft to pass over the lire, thereby consuming the coal on top quite freely. Likewise the rear valves at or near the stovepipe are objectionable. They are pnt on ina-ny stoves to allow a direct draft of air to pass from the room into the chimney; but this arrangement permits of coal-gas passing into the room, and therefore is rather dangerous. 'Fliese objectionable features are avoided by the peculiar construction of my stove The stoves so far put on the market whenever constructed with a frontal opening in the re-pot for removing the clinkcrs were supplied with a large front door (not shown in my illustration) large enough to cover the space occupied by the doors CZ and h and the bridge f, as shown in Fig.- l, which door was opened when raking, the constructors holding evidently thatin order to draw the clinkers the latter must be laid open to the view of the operator; but the use of that large door gave trouble in two directions: rst, it was found that the clinkers and cinders when being pulled out of the opening c would sometimes fly into the room and against the operator. Furthermore, the poking could not be done without clouds of ashes coming into the room. Both of these troubles are overcome in my stove. The bridgef, which faces the outlet c,wil1 stop clinkcrs from 'tiying into the room and will deflect them downward into the ask-pit, and the ash-clouds forming around c, b, and e cannot get into the room, they being withheld bythe door h and the bridge f, and will be carried off through channel ln bythe draft which enters the ash-pil at d and rushes up the ash-(lue, provided, of course, that the valve t' be opened before com meneing to rake or poke.

The bridge or guard f, facing the outlet c, is one of the important features of lnystove. It may be held that in former constructions there was also a guard facing the outlet c, such guard being formed, for instance, by the large door above mentioned; but the point is that in former constructions that guard was removed when poking, while in my stove it is to be in place just while poking. Former constructions were guided by the theory that in order to remove and work on the clinkcrs the operator must see the latter, and as a window of isinglass is not sufficiently transparent to distinguish the individual clinkcrs through it they thought it necessary to lay the outlet bare to view, and for that purpose to temporarily remove the part which formed the guard and to introduce the poker at the same place u here lh'ytuard had been before. ln my stove the L; .``cr is introduced below the guard, the latter being left in place while poking, and the stove is constructed on the theory that for the purpose of poking it is not necessary to distinguish the individual clinkers. A window of isinglass, though not transparent enough to show the clinkcrs, is suficieuty transparent to show the fire. Now, inferi-ing that where there is no fire there are clinkers, (around the outlet it will do to guide the poker so that it does not work on the fire. 'lhen the poker is sure to work on the clinkcrs, the operator continuing to work on the dark regions around the outlet c until bright fire appears.

In my illustration the guardfis represented as stationary and as forming part of the wail of the stove; but it is not reallynecessary that it be made in the shape of a stationary bridge. It may be united with the door 7L, so as to form the lower part of the latter. Such a construction would only be a modification of that feature in my stove, the essential point being that in my stove there is a door below the guard, which door is opened when poking, while the guard remains in place.

The door d is curved outwardly to a considerable extent, and the ash-pit is made cousiderably longer than usual ash-pits, so that it extends into the hollow space of the dooryi. e., it extends beyond the front wall of the stove, as represented oy the plane f/L g. This arrangement will insure that all clinkcrs taken from the outlet c will fall into the ashpan, and never before it nor into the room.

Fig. l shows the end of the front part e of the bottom grate to extend somewhat beyond the inside vertical portion of the front grate b. This relation between the two gratos prevents live coal falling from the lire-pot through the opening c during the process of burning.

The grate b is of very substantial make. The top portion is solid, while the lower portion is grated. The hars of the grated portion are made of the usual width, but much deeper, so as to give them more strength for resisting the action of the heat from the fire. The grate bis curved and mounted inwardly, as shown in Fig. l, and the grated lower portion is curved, so that it stands in oblique direction toward the grate e e'. Some of the bars may be extended, so as to reach the guard f, as indicated in dotted lines in Figure l. Bysuch extensions the mounting of the grate b is facilitated.

The clinkcrs can be removed from the firepot in two ways: either gradually through the outlet c, as above described, or (in case the fire should have gone out) by means of dumping the entire contents of the fire-pot. To

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this end the grate e is secu red to pivot-lugs Z Z somewhat eccentrically, so as to divide the' grate into two uneven halves, the larger half e resting on the tongue a. This tongue will allow the grate to-swing only in one direction, the larger end e swinging upward, While the short end e swings downward. The swinging axis must run parallel with the front grate b, (or, as it were, with the guard f,) and the lug Z is located at the side of the stove, where it passes through the wall, so as to be manipulated from the outsidein the usual mannerby means of a lever. To place the swinging axis in that direction may be quite nnusual, for ordinarily it is placed the other way, so that the pivot-,lug Z passes out right under the front grate; but if it were located so in my stove the swinging of the grate e wouldl be interfered with by the front grate b and the bottom grate could not be brought to a vertical position, vso the contents ofthe fire-pot could not be properly dumped. A further advantage of placing the swinging axis in the direction as shown consists in the following: Suppose there be a clinker too large to pass out through the opening c. Now as the lower part of the grate Z9 is curved inwardly and forward in a direction oblique to the grate e the clinker while being pushed by the poker toward the outlet c and reaching the space between the two grates will exert a wedge-like action, tending to increase the space between band e, whereby the grateend e will be deiected downwardly, the grate swinging slightlyaround the pivot-lug Z, and the opening c will Widen suciently to let the clinker pass out.4 As soon as the clinker has passed through the grate will fall back into its normal position, owing to its being eccentrically secured to the pivot-lug Z. The pivot-lug Z, which extends through the wall of the stove, as shown in Fig. 2, can be manipulated not only for t-he purpose of swinging the grate e, but as well for shaking it, in the same manner as is now customary in stoves. For the sake of shaking the pivotlugs are provided with projections s s, which when striking against the frame will limit the movement of the grate While shaking it.

I want it to be understood that when speaking of the opening c I mean a permanent vor stationary opening, not one that may be closed at will by a lid or small grate. Such covered outlets are generally at the bottom' of the tire-pot. In my stove it is at the side. Thus I have produced a stove in which fire may be kept continuously for any length of time and which economizes fuel when burning at night.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent.- A

1. In a stove or range for continuous fire, a fire-pot with a lateral opening c for the purpose of removing clinkers, in combination with a metallicguard facing that opening,

a window above the guard, and a door below same, for the purpose set forth.

2. In a stove or range for continuons fire, a fire-pot with a lateral opening c for the purpose of removing clinkers, in combination with a guard facing that opening, a window above the guard, a door below the guard, and a draft-deviating device, substantially as described. A

43. In a stove or range for continuous re, a fire-pot with a lateral opening c for the purpose of removing clinkers, in combination with a guard facing that opening, a window above the guard, a door below the guard, the topkportion of the door being bellied, and an ash-pit extending in the front beyond the guard, for the purpose set forth.

4. In a stove or range for continuous tire, a fire-pot with a lateral opening c for the purpose of removing clinkers, in combination with a guard facing that opening, a window above the guard, a door below the guard, and a bottom grate secured to pivot-lugs so that its swinging axis will run parallel with the guard, as specified.

5. In a stove or range for continuous fire, a horizontal grate secured to pivot-lugs eccentrically, so as to divide it into two uneven halves, in combination with a front grat-e composed of a solid top portion and a grated lower portion and being curved and mounted inwardly, so that the lower portion stands in oblique direction toward the bottom grate, substantially as described.

6. In a stove or range for continuous tire, a compound fire-grate com posed of a horizontal grat-e secured eccentrically to pivot-lugs, forming thereby two uneven halves, a curved front grate composed of a solid top and a grated lower portion and mounted inwardly on the front of the stove, so that its grated lower portion stands in oblique direction toward the front end of the bottom grate forming there a lateral opening c, in combination with a front guard facing the opening, substantially as described.

7. In a stove or range for continuous fire, a compound fire-grate composed of a horizontal grate secured eccentrically to pivot-lugs, forming thereby two uneven halves, a curved front grate composed of a solid top portion and a grated lower portion and mounted inwardly on the front of the stove, so that its grated lower portion stands in oblique direction toward the front end of the bottom grate, forming there a lateral opening c, -in combination with a front guard facing the opening, and a window above that guard, as specified. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

NICHOLAS A. L. J. JOHANNSEN.

Witnesses:

AUGUST PFLEGER, JULIUs M. SCHULZ.

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